Polish ing-machine



(No Model.)

7 Sheet`s-Sheet 3. A. P. BOARDMAN.

POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 551,752. Patented D55. 24, 1895.

:l gnvwlli i. l i. i. 1 3.111. A x n .r- QW M. h 0V ANDREW MSHAMAM 7Sheetssheet 4.

A. PL BOARDMANL POLISHING MACHINE.

PatentedfDec., 24, 1895.

(No Model.)

N Q n n* Re Q 7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

nrw.

Patented Dec. 24, 1895.

A. P'. BO'ARDMAN. Y PoLIsHING MACHINE.

@No Model.)

No Model.) 7 Smets-sheet A. P. BOARDMAN'.

l POLISHING MACHINE. Nq. 551,752. Patented Deo. 24j11895.

, t (No Model.) 7 sheets-sneer. 7.

A. P. BOARDMAN.

POLISHING MACHINE..

Patented Deo. 24,

to Figs. 4, 5, and G.

UNITED STATES n PATENT FFICE.

ANSON P. BOARDMAN, OF VATERTOVN, VISCONSIN.

PoLrlsHlNe-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 551,752, dated December24, 1895.

Application filed May 1], 1894. Serial No. 510,828.v (No model.)

T0 a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANsoN P. BOARDMAN, of lVatertown, in the county ofJefferson and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain `new and usefulImprovements in Polishing- My invention relates particularly to ma-vchines designed to sandpaper and polish plane surfaces; and it consists,essentially, in certain improvements in means for adjusting andimparting an endwise reciprocating movement to the polishing-cylinders,means for adjusting the feed-rollers, means for supporting, guiding, andadjusting the presser-plates, and means for stretching and securingsandpaper on the polishing-cylinders, as hereinafter particularlydescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts inthe several iigures.

Figure 1 is aside elevation of my improved machine as seen from the leftwith reference Fig. 2 is a side elevation as viewed from the right.Fig.' 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 3 3, Fig. G. Fig.i is a vertical cross-section on the line 4 4, Figs. l and 2. Fig. 5 isa similar section on the line 5 5, Figs. l and 2. Fig. G is a partialplan view and horizontal section; and Figs. 7 to 1l, inclusive, aredetail views, on an enlarged scale, of the device for securing andholding the paper on the Apolishingcylinders, Fig. 7 being alongitudinalsection on the line 7 7, Fig. 8; Fig. 8, alongitudinal section on theline 8 S, Fig. 7, in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the sectionshown in Fig. 7; Fig. 9, a cross-section on the line 9 9, Fig. 7 Fig.l0, an end elevation as seen from the left with reference to Figs. 7 andS, and Fig. ll a like elevation of the adjacent portion of the barecylinder.

A designates the frame, which is provided with a bed ce, havingtransverse openings therein', through which the upper sides of the vinFigs. l, 2, and 5. Awith worm-gears and are supported on thepolishing-cylinders and of the lower feedrollers project slightly.

B B are the polishing-cylinders, three in number in the machine shown inthe drawings, although their number may be varied according to the sizeof the machine and the kind and quality of work to be done. Eachcylinder .is mounted on a horizontal shaft C, which is supported at theends in boxes c c, formed or provided on the under side with verticalstems c c', which are fitted and adjustably held in vertical sleeves acd on the sides of the frame by nuts c2 c2, threaded on their lowerreduced ends and inserted in horizontal recesses in said sleeves, asshown These nuts are formed under side by vertically-adjustable bushingsc3 c3, which are secured in the lower sections of the sleeves a a byset-bolts c4 c4.

For each polishing-cylinder there is a crossshaft D parallel therewithand provided at the ends with worms d and d which engage with theworm-gears c2 o2, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4f. The worm CZ is fitted onthe reduced end of the shaft D and is internally coned at its inner endto correspond with a conical shoulder d2 on said shaft, these conedsurfaces serving as a clutch for making said worm fast or loose on saidshaft. It is also formed with a cylindrical portion which isiitted toturn in the supporting-bearin g on that side of the machine. lheprojecting end of the shaft D is threaded and provided with a nut d3, bytightening or loosening which said worm ismade fast or loose upon saidshaft. Each shaft D is provided at one end with a sprocket-wheel d4,which is connected by a chain-belt with a sprocket-wheel d5 on the shaftof a crank or hand wheel D' located at the front side of the machinewithin convenient reach of the operator, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 3.

By means of the connections just described the operator can, withoutleaving his station at the front side of the machine, raiseand lowereach of the several polishing-cylinders as desired. lf one end only ofeither cylinder is to be raised or lowered for the purpose of levelingand adjusting it with reference to the bed a, the nut cl3 on the shaftDis loosened, and the proper hand-wheel D is turned to raise or lowerthe opposite end of the cylin- IOO der as required. \Vhen thisadjustment has been ellected, the nut d3 is tightened, so that both endsof the cylinder will be raised orlowered simultaneously and alike byturning the cor-responding shaft D.

The worms d and d are covered and protected by housings on the frame,opening into the horizontal recesses in the vertical sleeves a, as shownin Figs. 2 and 4.

The cylinder-shafts C C are capable of a limited endwise movement in theboxes c c, as shown in Fig. (i, and are provided on one side of themachine with arms E E loosely mounted thereon` but restrained fromendwise movement upon said shafts by collars or shoulders. The hubs ofthese arms are formed, as shown in Figs. l, 5 and (i, with spiral orinclined slots c e, with which engage friction-rollers on pins c e',formed with or secured in overhanging projections of the adjacent boxesc c.

F is a gear-wheel provided with a crankpin, which is connected by apitman j' with the arm E of the middle cylinder. This arm is in turnconnected by a short pitman f' with a rod f2 connecting the arms E E ofthe two outer cylinders, which each have the same reciprocatingmovement, while that of the middle cylinderalternates therewith. Toprovide for the movement in opposite directions of adjacent cylinders,the pitmenf and f have universal or vertioallyjointed connections withthe .members which they join. Obviously the rotation of the gear F willproduce an en dwise reciprocating movement of the several cylinders,that of the middle cylinder being in the opposite direction to that ofthe two outer cylinders. The sandpaper with which the cylinders arecovered is thus caused to wear evenly, scratches are avoided in the workand a smoother and more even surface is produced. Each of the severalcylinder-shafts is provided at one end with a pulley C, as shown inFigs. et and 6, and these pulleys are arranged on opposite sides of themachine in order to distribute more evenly the pull of the belts bywhich they are dri ven. Each cylinder is formed 011v opposite sides withlongitudinal openings, in which are Iitted inwardlyopening sections b b,as shown in Figs. 3, 5 and G. These sections are hinged or pivoted atone side of said openings to the cylinderheads at b' b and are formed ontheir longitudinal edges with llanges, which have corresponding seats inthe cylinder at the edges of the openings therein. Then closed outwardlyagainst these seats, the sections b i) form continuous unbroken portionsof the periphery of the cylinder.

G G are cams loosely mounted on the shaft C of each cylinder in positionto engage with the inner sides of the sections h b or projectionsthereon and when turned in one direction to swing said sectionsoutwardly and to hold them closed rigidly against their seats. Thesecams are formed with segments of gears, which are engaged by pinions gg, fixed on the shaft g, supported in the cylinder-heads parallel withthe cylinder-shaft, and squared at its projecting ends to receive awrench or key. The sections Z) b are provided on the inside withinclines or hooks b2, with which pins or projections g2 g2 on the sidesof the cams G are arranged to engage when said cams are turned in theproper direction to release and open said sections. By this means thehinged sections of the cylinders are positively held open until the camsare turned into the proper position to close them. The object of thesehinged sections is to aitord means of drawing the sandpaper smooth andtaut over the surface of the cylinders about which it is wrapped, andthey are made to open inwardly in order to avoid the tendency which Ihave found by experience centrifugal force has to move them outwardlybeyond their proper positions, thus producing breaks in the surface ofthe cylinders and causing them to do imperfect work..

By the construction and arrangement of the inwardly-opening sectionshereinbefore described I am enabled to provide seats therefor in theedges of the openings which they are designed to iill and to positivelyprevent their being forced or sprung by centrifugal action out of theirproper working positions. The stretching of the sandpaper upon thecylinder is also facilitated and no perceptible break is made in thesurface of the cylinder.

Referring to Figs. 7 to 11, inclusive, in connection with Figs. 3 and G,the periphery of each cylinder is formed on one side, preferablyopposite the shaftg, with a longitudinal channel b3 and with parallelrecesses on op posite sides thereof. In these recesses are {ittedclamping plates b and b5, which are screwed or otherwisesecured to thecylinder and serve to hold the edges of the felt or other soft elasticmaterial with which the cylinder is covered before placing the sandpaperthere- 011. One edge of this sub-covering is clamped between the plateb5 and a plate il, secured by screws or other means to its inner face.The larger clamping plate or strip b5 overhan gs and closes the channelb3, except a narrow slot or opening oi suicicnt width to receive twothicknesses of sandpaper. In the bottom oi channel b3 is iitted alongitudinallysliding bar bf, which has pins or projections bs 118 onits outer face engaging with diagonal grooves in a laterally-movableclamping-bar b9, iitted between it and the overhan gin g clamping platesb5 and U. The bar 117 is moved lengthwise by means of a screw b1",having a bearing in one end thereof and threaded in the cylinder-head.By this means the clamping-bar Il" is moved laterally toward and fromthe opposing perpendicular or radial surface of the channel b3, whichconstitutes one member of the clamping device, and the edges of thesandpaper inserted through the slot between the clamping plates orstrips b'L and b are grasped and held between it and said surface.

It will thus be seen that by the foregoing IOO IIO

construction and arrangement of the device for stretching the sandpaperand securing it to the cylinder the working surface of the cylinder ismade continuous. and unbroken, except by a single slot or opening ofsufficient width for the insertion of the two edges of th sandpaper.

Referring to Figs. l, 2, 3 and 4, I-I H designate the lowerfeed-rollers, which are supported between and parallel with the polish-.ing-cylinders by vertically-adjustable boxes 7i 7i. These boxes areformed or provided, as shown most clearly in Fig. 4, with vertical stems7L h fitted in sockets a2 CL2 in the sides of frame A and engaged attheir lower ends by screws h2 712, threaded in the-lower ends of saidsockets and serving to adjust said feedrollers at each end vertically.Upon the' projecting journals of said feed-rollers on one side of themachine are mounted bevel-gears 71,3 h3. Upon a horizontal shaft I onthe same side of the machine are mounted bevel-gears t' t, which meshwith the gears h3 h3. The feed-roller H at the rear end of the machineis provided with a spur gear h4, through which the shaft I and the otherrollers H H are driven, as hereinafter explained.

J designates a vertically-adjustable frame carrying the upperfeed-rollers and their connections. It is rigidly and adjustablysupported at the corners upon vertical intergeared screws j j, whichhave bearings in standards or posts a3 cts'rising from the corners ofthe frame A. By means of thesel screws and their connecting gearing,.like or similar to that usually employed for the purpose in this classof machines, said frame, together with the upper feed-rollers carriedthereby, is raised and lowered bodily for stuff of different thicknessesor dimensions.

K K are the upper feed-rollers. They are supported at the ends in boxes7c 7c, which are formed or provided with hollow or cup-shaped stems 7c7c', tted in inverted vertical sockets in said frame J. They areadjustably held therein by screw-threaded rods 7a2 752 passing upwardlythrough said frame and provided' on the upper side thereof with nuts.753 7c3 are spiral springs inserted in said hollow or cup-shaped stemsaround the rods 7.32 k2 and bearing at their upper ends against theclosed ends of the sockets j' j. These springs allow the upperfeed-rollers to yield upwardly at either end independently of eachother. Any inequality in the thickness of the material upon which themachine operates is thus provided for, and at the same time the work isheld snugly and iirmly down against the lower feed rollers and thepolishing cylinders. Upon the projecting ends of the upper feedrollerjournals on one side of the machine are mounted bevel-gears 7a4 704,which mesh with similar gears 7 7., mounted upon av shaft L, whichis'carried lengthwise of the machine by brackets on vthe roller-frame J.The roller K at the rear end of the machine is provided with a spur-gear795, throughzwhich the shaft L and the other rollers K K are driven, ahereinafter explained. v

M M are vertically-yielding presser bars or plates carried by the upperroller-frame directly over and parallel with the cylinders B B. They areformed or provided at the ends with vertical 'stems fm m and withlaterallyprojecting bearings 'm' my', and are adj ustably connected withsaid roller-frame by crossheads or yokesN N, formed with verticalsleeves n, in which the stems m m of the presser-bars are inserted andheld, and with vertical guides n' n', with which thelaterally-projecting bearings m m engage. These'crossheads are pivotedon one side of their sleeves n to the roller-frame at n2, and aredetachably hooked on the opposite side over bolts n3, by means of whichthe presser bars or plates may be adjusted in position by turning themon the pivots n2 n2, or may be turned upwardly on said pivots, so as toafford unobstructed access to the exposed portions of thepolishingcylinders. Springs m2 m2, placed on the stems m m between thepresser-bars and sleeves n n, allow each presser-bar to yield upwardlyat either end and accommodate itself to variations in the thickness andinequalities of the stuff upon which the machine operates. They alsoserve to hold the work in place directly above and opposite thepolishing-cylinders.

Referring to Figs. l, 2, and 5, O designates the feedroller and vibratordriving-shaft placed crosswise of the machine at its rear end. It isprovided with a pulley o for connecting it with a suitably-locatedcountershaft and pinion o', which meshes, as shown in Fig. l, with thecrank-gear F, which is connected with and actuates the vibratory arms EE, and a pinion o2, which meshes, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, with a gear19 on a parallel shaft P. This shaft P is provided on the opposite sideof the machine, as shown in Fig. l, with a pinion p', which meshes withthe gear h4, and through it and the connections hereinbefore described,drives the lower rollers H H. On the opposite side of the machine saidshaft P is provided with a pinion p2, which meshes with an idle-gear S,carried by the pivot-pin connecting links Q and R, and meshing in turnwith the gear 755. The links Q and R are loosely connected at theirother ends respectively with the shaft P and the journal of the gear755, through which and its connections hereinbefore described the upperfeed-rollers K K are driven.

The link-and-gear connection just referred to permits of the verticaladjustment of the frame J without disturbing the driving connections ofthe upper feed-rollers K K carried by said frame.

I claim- 1. In apolishing machine, asand-paper cylinder having aninwardly opening longitudinal section and longitudinal seats againstwhich said section rests when closed out- IOO IZO

wardly flush with the periphery of the cylinder, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

2. In a polishing machine a sand-paper cylinder having an inwardlyopening longitudinal section hinged thereto on one side of the opening,and a seat on the opposite side of said opening, against which -saidsection closes, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a polishing machine a sand-paper cylinder having an inwardlyopening longitudinal section, a cam and gear concentric with thecylinder, the cam being constructed and arranged when turned in onedirection, to force said section outward and hold it closed against itsseat, and a shaft parallel with the cylinder axis provided with a pinionmeshing with said gear, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

-l. In a polishing machine, asand-paper cylinder having inwardlyopening` longitudinal sections on opposite sides thereof and a camconcentric with the cylinder, constructed and arranged, when turned inone direction, to force said sections outwardly and hold them closed,and when turned in the other direction to draw them inwardly and holdthem Open, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In apolishin g machine, a sand-paper cylinder having inwardly openinglongitudinal sections provided on the inside with hooks or inclines, acam revoluble on an axis concentric with the cylinder, constructed andarranged when turned in one direction to force said sections outwardlyand hold th em closed, and provided with projections arranged when theyare turned in the opposite direction, to

engage the hooks or inclines on said sections and draw them inwardly andhold them open, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

(i. In apolishing machine, a sand-paper cylinder having longitudinalopenings in its shell or periphery on opposite sides thereof, inwardlyopening sections hinged thereto on one side of said openings andprovided with inwardly projecting inclined hooks, seats on the oppositeside of said openings for said sections to close against, gearsrevoluble concentrically within said cylinder, and provided with lateralprojections arranged when turned in one direction to engage saidinclined hooks and open said sections, and a shaft parallel with theaxis of the cylinder provided with pinions meshing with said gears,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. Ina polishing machine, a sand-paper cylinder having a longitudinalslot in its periphery and a radially arranged clamping surface on oneside of said slot, longitudinal clamping plates let into recesses onopposite sides of and parallel with said slot, for holding the ends ofthe cylinder covering and a parallel clamping bar movable transverselyto an intersecting radial plane of the cylinder toward and from saidsurface for holding both ends of the sand-paper together, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

S. In a polishing machine, a sand-paper cylinder having a longitudinalchannel formed therein with parallel recesses on opposite sides thereofin the periphery, clamping plates secured by screws in said recesses soas to leave a narrow slot between them, one overhangin g and partiallyclosing said channel and provided on the under side with a plate screwedthereto, a parallel laterally movable clamping bar inclosed within andworking against one side of said channel which serves as a clamping orbinding surface, a parallel longitudinally movable bar havingprojections engaging diagonal slots in said clamping bar, and anadjusting screw connecting said cylinder and longitudinally movable bar,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. In a polishing machine, the Combination of a sand-paper cylindersupported in boxes having vertical screw-threaded stems, guided in theframe of the machine, nuts engaging said stems and formed with wormgears restrained from vertical movement by bearings above and belowthem, a shaft parallel with the cylinder and provided with worms meshingwith said gears, one of said worms having a clutch connection with saidshaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l0. In a polishing machine,the combination of a number of sand-papercylinders supported in boxes havin g vertical screw-threaded stemsguided in the frame of the machine, nuts engaging said stems and formedwith worm gears having bearings in said frame, worm shafts provided withworms engaging with said gears, and hand wheels or cranks located at thefront side of the machine all within reach of the operator andseparately connected with said worm shafts by sprocket wheels and chainbelts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

ll. In a polishing machine,thc combination of a sand-paper cylindersupported in boxes having vertical screw-threaded stems, verticalsleeves on the frame in which said stems are held and guided, nutsformed with worm gears mounted upon said stems and inserted inhorizontal recesses in said sleeves bushings detachably and adjustablysecured in the lower parts of said sleeves and constituting the lowerbearings of said nuts and gears, and a cross shaft provided with wormsengaging said gears, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

12. In apolishing machine,the combination of a sand-paper cylindersupported in boxes having vertical screw-threaded stems guided in theframe, nuts mounted 011 said stems and formedwith worm gears which havebearings in said frame, worms engaging said gears, one being formed witha conical friction surface, and a worm shaft on which said worms aremounted, provided at one end with a conical friction surface and a nutbetween which the eoned worm is mounted, so as to be made fast IOO IIO

or loose thereon by tightening or loosening said nut, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

13. In a polishing maehine,the Combination 5 of a sand-paper cylinderCapable of endwise movement in its bearings, a Crank arm having anoblique slot in its hub and loosely mounted on the cylinder shaft whichis provided on both sides thereof with collars or shoulders to 1 o holdit in place, an overhanging proj eetion from the adjacent bearing orframe provided with a pin or stud which engages said slot and a drivingcrank or eooentrie Connected with said arm, the connection between saidarm and crank or eoeentrio having a joint whereby I 5 the lateralmovement of said arm is permitted, substantially as and for the purposesset forth. In testimony that I olam the foregoing as my own I afjx mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

ANSON P. BOARDMAN. IVitnesses:

CHAs. L. Goss, M. L. EMERY.

